Hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell formation, is regulated by a complex network of molecules and pathways. Key regulators include GATA and Runx transcription factors, Notch and Wnt signaling pathways, cytokines, microRNAs, epigenetic modifications, and specific transcription factors like Pax5 and PU.1. These factors ensure the precise differentiation of diverse blood cell types from stem and progenitor cells.
Tag: health
Distinguishing Self from Non-Self
The immune system must distinguish between 'self' and 'non-self' to avoid autoimmune diseases, develop immune tolerance, preserve healthy tissues, and prevent chronic inflammation. When this distinction fails, the body may mistakenly attack its own cells, leading to disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, and conditions such as atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases.
Life and Biology 